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GIS - Geographic Information System

(G-I-S)

A general term applied to various methods of processing spatial data and performing spatial analyses. GIS is basically the merging of cartography and database management.

GIS standards are controlled by the Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc..

The typical use for GIS is in handling maps or map layers. This can encompass many different fields from backwoods hiking to criminology. A serious use is in disaster planning where emergency response times can be estimated using current situation details agains a computerized map. Ecology is another use for GIS; wetlands can be mapped and protected areas determined and then analyzed for best resource management.

GIS software comes in a variety of flavors from large computer down to desktop and even simple GPS devices you carry with you.

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